J.K.罗琳说:在我的新书中人们有性爱,但是没有人从中享受乐趣……

本周二,J.K. 罗琳(J. K. Rowling)在纽约在其粉丝们尖叫呐喊声中接受了采访。她畅谈了自己的畅销新作《临时空缺》(The Casual Vacancy),谈了《临时空缺》与另一部畅销小说,E.L. 詹姆斯(E. L. James)的《五十种灰》(Fifty Grades of Grey)的区别。以下是有关这次访谈的报道:

J.K. Rowling cheered by fans at New York event

NEW YORK — J.K. Rowling quipped Tuesday about the difference between The Casual Vacancy, her first post-Harry Potter novel for grown-ups, and another kind of adult best seller: E.L. James’ erotic Fifty Shades of Grey.

“The difference is that people have sex in my book, but no one enjoys it,” Rowling told 2,500 cheering fans at an event at a Manhattan theater.

Rowling also said:

— She dreaded writing several scenes in her new novel, about social and political divisions in a small English town, particularly a rape, but “it had to happen. It was there for a reason.”

— Her new novel “might be appropriate for the right 14- or 15-year-old, but not any younger than that.” But parents, she added, should discuss the reasons with their children that it’s inappropriate.

— Her biggest challenge in moving from young readers to adults wasn’t “about writing in a contemporary world, in a real world,” but getting “the structure” right of a novel without a central character.

Rowling’s conversation on stage with the novelist Ann Patchett (State of Wonder), who owns a bookstore in Nashville, was her first public event in the U.S. for her new novel.

It drew a screaming crowd that gave Rowling a standing ovation as she walked on stage, prompting Patchett to say, “This is like a Stones concert.”

Patchett, “as a writer and bookseller,” praised Rowling “for doing more for reading than anyone else in my lifetime and for single-handedly keeping an industry alive.”

“No, no, no,” Rowling replied. “That’s way too much responsibility.”

The two authors sat on a stage normally used by the New York City Ballet and often drew laughs, especially when Patchett mentioned the double meaning of “adult novel.”

Both Rowling and Patchett shared they hadn’t read Fifty Shades.

“Everyone tells me the writing is terrible,” Patchett said.

“But that’s porn,” Rowling shot back to laughter. “Have you ever read The Story of O?”

“I went to Catholic school,” Patchett confessed.

“You’d like it even more,” Rowling replied.

The Casual Vacancy, which landed at No. 1 on USA TODAY’s Best-Selling Books list and dropped to No. 4 last week, has gotten mixed reviews from critics, who have called it everything from dull to brilliant. But that wasn’t mentioned Tuesday.

When Rowling said she feared some readers may have missed the humor in The Casual Vacancy, Patchett said “it is a story not between evil and good, but between evil and funny.”

The crowd was predominantly female, mostly between 20 and 40, the generation that grew up on the Potter series.

Among them was Catherine Warren, 19, who had come all the way from the University of Georgia, where she’s a sophomore, to pay homage to the writer “who’s just so great.”

Warren remembered how her mother read to her the first two Potter novels “when I was in first or second grade, but then I finished them myself as the years went by.”

Warren said she’s 100 pages into The Casual Vacancy “and so far so good.” She said she’d loved to read “more about Harry Potter’s world” — which Rowling has said she won’t do — then added, “I understand what’s done is done.”

希拉里·曼特尔的三部曲之二《提堂》再获曼布克小说奖

希拉里·曼特尔(Hilary Mantel)的都铎三部曲完成了两部。两部都获得了曼布克小说奖(Man Booker Prize)的殊荣。这确实是曼特尔巨大的成就和荣誉。她是第一位也是迄今为止唯一的一位连续两部作品获得布克奖,也是第三位两次获得该项殊荣的作家。(6:06PM EDT October 16. 2012 – The first to win for a sequel and the only the third writer to win twice: Both apply to British novelist Hilary Mantel, who has won the prestigious 2012 Man Booker Prize for Bring Up the Bodies)都铎三部曲的第一部《狼厅》(Wolf Hall)于2009年获得布克奖;第二部《提堂》(Bring up the Bodies)再度折桂;第三部暂定书名《镜和灯》(The Mirror and Light)也将出版。

下面奉上一篇述评文章。这是在布克奖短名单出来之后,我让我的学生,2011级研究生王飞同学写的(我今天稍稍作了调整)。藉此,大家可以了解更多一些相关信息:

曼特尔出手不凡,《提堂》再获布克奖殊荣

曾经凭借小说《狼厅》(Wolf Hall) 荣获2009年布克奖的英国女作家希拉里·曼特尔(Hilary Mantel)凭借新作《提堂》(Bring up the Bodies)再获殊荣。这么短的时间内两次荣获布克奖,这位作家的魅力不可小觑。但对于大多数中国读者,希拉里·曼特尔还是一个略显陌生的名字。

1952年出生的希拉里·曼特尔曾在伦敦经济学院和谢菲尔德大学攻读法律学位,1973年从谢菲尔德大学毕业。曼特尔的写作主要涉及名人传记和历史小说等形式,她1985年发表了处女作《每天都是母亲节》(Every Day is Mother’s Day》,从此开启了她的文学创作生涯。她1992年发表的作品《更安全的地方》(A Place of Greater Safety)重现了法国大革命的宏伟场面,获得了周日快报年度小说奖 (Sunday Express Book of the Year)。她2005年的作品《黑暗深处》(Beyond Black)入围2006年英联邦作家奖,并获得2006年橘子奖(the Orange Prize)的提名。直至2009年《狼厅》发表并荣获布克奖——当今英国乃至全世界最重要的文学奖项之一,曼特尔才真正开始进入文坛的聚光灯之下,受到不少海内外评论家及读者的关注。

曼特尔以历史题材创作的《狼厅》一经出版便好评如潮,目前全世界已有30多个国家和地区引进了这部小说的版权,其总销售量也高达20多万册,2012年,《观察家报》将其誉为“十大最佳历史小说”之一,这部小说的成功也为曼特尔本人带来了广泛的知名度和影响力。2010年上海译文出版社也在中国发行了这部小说的中文简体版。《狼厅》选取了英国历史上著名的都铎王朝时期为故事背景,亨利八世(Henry Ⅷ)是英格兰亨利七世的次子,都铎王朝的第二位国王。亨利七世在位时,为了加强同邻邦的友好合作,让自己的长子亚瑟迎娶了西班牙阿拉贡的凯瑟琳公主为妻。后来亚瑟不幸逝世,亨利七世为了团结西班牙共同对抗法国,竭力留住了凯瑟琳公主,并将其嫁给了当时年仅12岁的次子亨利八世。当时的英格兰,国王假若没有男性继承人,就会很快陷入权力争夺和战争之中,而凯瑟琳皇后仅仅为亨利八世生出了玛丽公主(即后来的玛丽一世)一个女儿,往后几次的生育都以流产告终。而亨利八世和女侍官安妮·傅林发生了一场婚外情,并想要解除和凯瑟琳的婚姻,迎娶安妮·傅林。但在当时天主教管制下的英国,离婚被视为是不道德的行为,因此亨利八世的离婚请求遭到教皇强烈拒绝。在这样的一个历史背景下,《狼厅》拉开了序幕。 Continue reading

纳博科夫的立场:捍卫个性自由

【按】本文已全文发表在《解放军外国语学院学报》2012年第五期(pp.106-110)。

纳博科夫的立场:捍卫个性自由

——论作为标签的“洛丽塔”和作为自由化身的阿达

 

自《洛丽塔》诞生以来的50多年时间里,围绕这部作品的国内外研究成果可谓层出不穷,硕果累累。然而在针对被叫作“洛丽塔”的女孩的研究评论方面,给笔者留下深刻印象的,还是英国著名小说家、诗人、批评家金斯利·艾米斯(Kinsley Amis)的一句话:“洛丽塔是一幅真正意义上的‘肖像’(portrait):她受到全心全意的关注和倾听,却从来没有人与之交流;她始终都只被当作发泄欲望的对象,却从来没有得到足够的理解”(qtd. in Page, 1982:106)。艾米斯所说的“肖像”可以理解为一个被剥离了所有人的本质属性的完全被塑造出来的物品。艾米斯的话引发了笔者的一个思考:是谁在用“洛丽塔”这个称谓?“洛丽塔”是女孩的真名吗?其实答案非常清楚,“洛丽塔”只是亨伯特给那个小女孩贴上的一个标签。确切地说,我们应该叫她“多洛雷兹·海兹”,或者叫她的昵称,“多莉”。那么,在“洛丽塔”的标签下到底隐藏着什么?此外,与“洛丽塔”形成鲜明对照的阿达同样颇多争议。在她身上,纳博科夫又寄予了何种深意?

“洛丽塔”:一个标签

小说开始,鳏夫亨伯特用诗化的语言讲述他对那个12岁的幼女“洛丽塔”的倾慕和迷恋。虽然他的冷漠和贪欲、自私和自负很快就在他对自己的描述中表露无疑,但是他对“洛丽塔”的所谓爱还是得以极度夸大地表现了出来。作为写于狱中的这份自白书,亨伯特的目的其实非常明确。他就是要人们相信他的爱情故事——当“恋幼女癖”表现为突破世俗窠臼的爱情,当他所恋的幼女慢慢成长为少妇,而他还在坚守着对“洛丽塔”的爱情,那么他过去所做的一切就可以合法化。他也就不会遭受到任何道义上的谴责。应该说,在这一点上,亨伯特几乎获得了胜利,有不少批评家就是把这部作品当作一部爱情故事来解读的[1];也有研究者撰文为“了不起”的亨伯特的行为进行辩护[2]

然而,人们无论如何不能够忽略的一点是,当亨伯特走进多莉(“洛丽塔”)的家门的时候,出现在他面前的只是一个懵懂无知、满脑子天真烂漫的小女孩。她的房间总是凌乱不堪,各种小物件摆放得到处都是;她喜欢用脚趾夹起地上的东西,再抛到垃圾桶里去;她说起话来满嘴故作老练的俚语;她喜欢明星杂志、奶糖和苏打饮料。所有这些小孩子的无邪天真、好奇和喜欢引人关注的特性在亨伯特那里却都成了有意的挑逗,成了令他神魂颠倒的小孩兮兮的粗俗。因为亨伯特在用自己已然固有的所谓“性感少女”模式来解读,甚至规范着多莉的一切。

实际上,亨伯特从一开始就有意忽略多莉的儿童本质。他用大量的篇幅来证明多莉就是他的“洛丽塔”。其实质是将他自己的想象强加给懵懂无知的多莉。同时也是他欺骗读者的一种手段。对于亨伯特所谓的 “粗俗”说,纳博科夫本人就曾在他的文学讲稿中专门谈到过。他特别强调指出,只有真正的成年人才可能成为粗俗的人,“因为那些看似流露出粗俗特点的孩童,或者少年,其实只是一只模仿那些已经习惯成自然的粗俗者的鹦鹉”(Nabokov, 1981:309)[3]。多莉充其量就是这样的一只鹦鹉。她模仿的对象就是那些刊登在时尚杂志上的明星们。至于亨伯特为什么要顺势将本不属于多莉的粗俗强加于她,原因非常简单,因为这是他本人粗俗本质的一种需要和表现。 Continue reading

2012年度美国国家图书奖短名单揭晓!

在我们广大的中国读者欢庆第一位拥有中国国籍的用汉语进行创作的作家获得诺贝尔文学奖之际,美国国家图书奖评审委员会公布了本年度进入角逐国家图书奖(National Book Award)的5位候选人名单。其中,已经享有较高声誉的朱诺特·迪亚兹(Junot Diaz)、罗伊斯·艾尔德里奇(Louise Erdrich)和戴夫·艾格尔斯(Dave Eggers)榜上有名。另外两位则是凭借处女作跻身短名单的凯文·鲍尔斯(Kevin Powers)和本·方丹(Ben Fountain)。该项奖励的最终结果将于11月14日在纽约公布。

以下是来自USA Today的相关报道:

进入国家图书奖短名单的作品。上面一行为虚构类作品(Fiction);下面一行为非虚构类作品(Non-Fiction)。

Diaz, Erdrich, Eggers earn National Book Award noms

Three novelists who’ve gained literary respect as well as commercial success — Junot Diaz, (This is How You Lose Her), Louise Erdrich (The Round House) and Dave Eggers (A Hologram for the King) — are among the finalists for the National Book Award for fiction announced Wednesday.

Junot Diaz

The other two finalists are debut novels about the war in Iraq and its aftermath: Kevin Powers’ and Ben Fountain’s Billy Lynn’s Long Halftime Walk.

The five finalists for the non-fiction award include The Passage of Power, Robert Caro’s fourth book on Lyndon Johnson; Behind the Beautiful Forevers, Katherine Boo’s account of life in a Mumbai slum; and House of Stone, a memoir, set mostly in Lebanon, by Anthony Shadid, a Lebanese-American reporter who died in February at 43 while covering the civil war in Syria for The New York Times.

The awards — rivaled in the book world only by the Pulitzers — were announced on on MSNBC’s Morning Joe, the first time in the awards’ 62-year history that the finalists were revealed on TV. In the past, they were announced at a literary site, such as William Faulkner’s home in Oxford, Miss., or City Lights Bookstore in San Francisco.

And in contrast to recent years, when many of finalists and even the winners were not well known, this year’s selections include several books that not only got rave reviews but landed on USA TODAY’s Best-Selling Books List:

— Caro, whose third book on LBJ, Master of the Senate, won a National Book Award in 2003, reached No. 15 with his latest book that opens with a vivid description of the Kennedy assassination from Johnson’s perspective.

— Diaz, a native of the Dominican Republic who grew up in New Jersey and now teaches at MIT, hit No. 29 on the list with his latest, a collection of linked stories about love, or its lack. It features the novelist’s alter ego, Yunior, from Diaz’s novel, The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, which won the Pulitzer Prize in 2008.

— Boo’s first book, based on her reporting in Mumbai for The New Yorker, reached No. 28 on the list, driven mostly by rave reviews. It got 3 and 1/2 stars from USA TODAY’s Deirdre Donahue who called it “original, detailed and so unbelievably sad, it makes Slumdog Millionaire (the hit move) seem almost like a romantic comedy.”

And while Eggers’ and Erdrich’s latest novels – hers is about an attack on a woman at an Ojibwe reservation in North Dakota; his is about a struggling American businessman in Saudi Arabia — haven’t made the best-selling list so far this year, they’ve had best sellers before, including Eggers’ A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius in 2000 and Erdrich’s The Master Butcher’s Singing Club in 2004.

Anthony Shadid

The other finalists this year are:

Non-fiction: Anne Applebaum’s Iron Curtain: The Crushing of Eastern Europe 1945-1956 and Domingo Martinez’s The Boy Kings of Texas, a debut memoirs about coming of age in Brownsville, on the border with Mexico.

Young People’s Literature: William Alexander’s Goblin Secrets, Carrie Arcos’ Out of Reach, Patricia McCormick’s Never Fall Down, Eliot Schrefer’s Endangered, and Steve Sheinkin’s Bomb: The Race to Build — and Steal — the World’s Most Dangerous Weapons.

Poetry: David Ferry’s Bewilderment: New Poems and Translations, Cynthia Huntington’s Heavenly Bodies, Tim Seibles’ Fast Animal, Alan Shapiro’s Night of the Republic and Susan Wheeler’s Meme.

The four winners, selected by five-member panels of other writers, will be announced at a black-tie gala in New York City, Nov. 14, hosted by Faith Salie, the actress, comedian and former Rhodes Scholar.

Winners receive $10,000 each, and a boost in their literary reputations and book sales. To. be eligible, a book must be published in the USA between Dec. 1, 2011, and Nov. 30, 2012, and be written by a U.S. citizen.

The awards are sponsored by the National Book Foundation, which is supported by the publishing industry.

 

 

流亡英国的叙利亚女作家萨马尔·亚兹贝克获得本年度品特文学奖de英勇作家奖

流亡英国的叙利亚女作家萨马尔·亚兹贝克(Samar Yazbek)与英国桂冠诗人卡罗尔·安·达菲(Carol Ann Duffy)一起分享了2012年度品特文学奖(Pen Pinter Literary Prize)。桂冠诗人达菲已于2012年7月获颁品特文学奖。该项奖励中还有一项“英勇作家奖”(the Writer of Courage Award)是专门奖励国际上那些遭受迫害但依然勇敢反抗,坚持自己的信仰,敢于发出声音的作家的。获选作家由已经获得品特文学奖的作家提名。萨马尔·亚兹贝克因而获此殊荣。以下是BBC提供的相关介绍:

Syrian writer Samar Yazbek to share Pinter prize

Exiled Syrian author Samar Yazbek is to share this year’s Pen Pinter literary prize with poet Carol Ann Duffy.

The author has been a vocal critic of President Assad’s regime

Yazbek is being recognised for her book A Woman In The Crossfire, which is based on diaries she kept during the early stages of the Syrian conflict.

It details how her outspoken views against President Assad’s government led to persecution, and her decision to flee Syria with her young daughter.

Duffy, who is Poet Laureate, was named the winner of the main prize in July.

The annual award – in memory of the playwright Harold Pinter – is given to a British writer of outstanding literary merit.

The winner then chooses a recipient for the Writer Of Courage Award, which recognises an international writer who has been persecuted for speaking out about their beliefs.

Duffy was given a shortlist by the English Pen Writers At Risk Committee, and made her announcement at the British Library on Monday night.

Yazbek said: “I am grateful to English Pen, and to Carol Ann Duffy, for selecting this book, and through it, for supporting our cause.”

Lady Antonia Fraser, Harold Pinter’s widow, added: “Carol Ann Duffy’s recognition of Samar Yazbek’s courage in writing about Syria’s revolution from the inside could not come at a more appropriate time”.

‘Raw passion’

Born in 1970, Yazbek comes from the same Alawite clan as President Bashar al-Assad.

Prior to the uprising, she wrote extensively on women’s issues in newspapers and journals, while challenging taboos in her novels.

Her second novel Salsal (Clay) cast a critical eye over the power of the military, while Cinnamon – which is due to be published in the UK next month – looks at the social divide in Syria through the prism of a servant who enters into a lesbian relationship with her employer.

When protests against the Syrian government began last March, she voiced her support online. She received hate mail, her family disowned her and, eventually, she was arrested and shown the cells she would be kept in, if she continued to support the rebels.

After further intimidation, she fled to Paris in July 2011 – although she has said: “I return all the time, but in secrecy. Undercover.”

Woman In The Crossfire tells the story of the first few months of the uprising, via her own story and testimony from ordinary Syrians.

The Spectator praised the book’s “uncompromising reportage from a doomed capital”, while the Washington Post said it “brought the cause of the opposition – and its raw human passion for liberation – into focus”.

The UN estimates that more than 20,000 people have died in the conflict in Syria, while hundreds of thousands more have fled over the country’s borders.

Tensions with neighbouring Turkey have escalated over the last week, after Syrian mortar rounds landed in the Turkish town of Akcakale, killing five.

 

云台山之红石峡和潭瀑峡

9月24日,2012年全国当代外国文学研讨会组委会组织了赴云台山的文化考察。参观游览了云台山景区之中的红石峡和潭瀑峡。两处景区都以峡谷和瀑布取胜。山清水秀,景色迷人,让人心旷神怡!

俯瞰红石峡

从潭瀑峡谷底往上看,U形的山峰给人坐井观天之感。

山上虽然有点儿雾气昭昭,但河水清澈,倒影迷人。